Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila boiler a me nā paipu no nā hale boiler a me nā mea hoʻololi wela
ʻO ka paila kila paipu a me nā paipu, E pili ana i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka wehe ʻana a me ka ʻāpana hollow, kona lōʻihi a me ka ʻaoʻao o ke kila nui, e like me ke ʻano hana hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o ke kila kila a me ka paipu kila welded, nā kikoʻī o ka paipu kila me waho. ana (e like me ke anawaena o waho a i ole ka lōʻihi o ka aoao) a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia, he laula loa kona laulā, mai ka anawaena liʻiliʻi o ka paipu capillary a hiki i ke anawaena o kekahi mau mika o ka paipu caliber nui.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila no ka paipu, nā mea wela, ka ʻoihana mīkini, ka ʻimi geological petroleum, nā ipu, ka ʻoihana kemika a me nā kumu kūikawā.
ʻO nā paipu kila paila a me nā paipu, Ua mahele ʻia ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe a me ka paipu kila welded (seam pipe) ʻelua ʻano.E like me ka pauku shape hiki ke maheleia i poepoe paipu a me kūikawā-ʻano paipu, hoʻohana nui 'ia he poepoe kila paipu, akā, aia kekahi mau huinahalike, rectangle, semicircle, hexagonal, equilateral triangle, octagonal kūikawā-mea kila paipu.No ka paipu kila ma lalo o ke kaomi wai e hoʻokō i ka hoʻāʻo hydraulic e hoʻāʻo ai i kona hiki ke kaomi a me ka maikaʻi, ma lalo o ke kaomi i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole leak, pulu a hoʻonui paha no ka mākaukau, kekahi paipu kila e like me ke kūlana a i ʻole nā koi o ka hoʻāʻo ʻaoʻao, flaring. hoao, hoao palahalaha.
ʻO ka paila kila a me nā paipu, nā ʻano hana
ʻO nā paipu kila boiler a me nā paipu, he ʻano paipu ʻole.ʻO keʻano o ka hanaʻana heʻano like ia me ka paipu liʻiliʻi, akā aia nā koi koʻikoʻi ma keʻano o ke kila i hoʻohanaʻia no ka hanaʻana i ka paipu kila.E like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mahana, ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻano o ka pahu paila maʻamau a me ka pahu paila kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO nā paipu kila boiler a me nā paipu, ʻo ka waiwai mechanical kahi kuhikuhi nui e hōʻoia i ka lawelawe hope loa o ke kila.Pili ia i ka hoʻohui kemika o ke kila a me ka ʻōnaehana mālama wela.I ke kila paipu maʻamau, e like me ka hoʻohana 'okoʻa koi, stipulated i ka tensile waiwai (tensile ikaika, hua ikaika a iʻole ka hua helu, elongation) a me ka paakiki, toughness nā hōʻailona, a me ka mea hoʻohana koi o ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa wela hana.
① ʻO ka wela o ka paila paila ma lalo o 350 ℃, hana nui ʻia ka paipu home ma No. 10, ʻaʻole.20 paipu kalapona ʻōwili wela a paipu huki anu.
② Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā paipu paila kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe.Ma lalo o ka hana o ke kinoea flue wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka mahu wai, e hiki mai ka oxidation a me ka corrosion.Pono ka paipu kila e loaʻa ka ikaika lōʻihi kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion oxidation kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa microstructure maikaʻi
ʻO nā paipu kila boiler a me nā paipu, hoʻohana
(1) Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu paila maʻamau no ka hana ʻana i ka paipu pā wai, ka paipu wai hoʻolapalapa, ka pahu mokumahu wela, ka pahu locomotive boiler superheated tube, ka nui a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka uahi paipu a me ka paipu pōhaku lepo.
(2) High pressure boiler tube ka mea nui e hana i ka superheater tube, reheater tube, pipe, main steam pipe, etc. e hoʻokaʻawale hou ʻia nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi.Hōʻike ka poʻe i loko o ka ʻoihana ʻo ka loulou koʻikoʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o 20g kiʻekiʻe-pressure boiler tube lako no ka mālama ʻana i ka wela hou.
Ke hoʻonui mālie nei nā huahana hoʻolaʻa hou 20g kiʻekiʻe-pressure boiler tube i ka mākeke, e like me ka pena ʻōmaʻomaʻo palekana kaiapuni, nā huahana ʻauʻau mālama ola a me ka wai, nā pōhaku hoʻomalu kaiapuni, ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni cement foam insulation board, ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a ʻO nā huahana palekana kaiapuni i ka mākeke ākea o 20g kiʻekiʻe-pressure boiler tube ʻoihana e hoʻohiki nei.[1]
ʻO nā mea kūpono
(1) GB/T5310-2008 "Seamless Steel Tubes no High Press Boilers".ʻO ke ʻano hoʻokolohua hoʻohui kemika e like me GB222-84 a me "Method for Chemical Analysis of Iron and Steel and Alloy", GB223 "Method for chemical analysis of Iron and Steel and Alloy".
(2) E hoʻokō ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kino o ka paipu kila boiler i lawe ʻia e like me nā kūlana kūpono i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻaelike.
ʻO nā paipu hao paila a me nā paipu, ka papa kila
(1) Ke kila kila kila kila kiʻekiʻe 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG.
(2) Ke kila kila 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, etc.
(3) Rust wela pale kila maʻamau hoʻohana 'ia 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni11Nb boiler paipu me ka hoʻopaʻa 'ia kemika haku mele a me ka mechanical waiwai, e hana i ka wai kaomi ho'āʻo, e hana flaring, ho'āʻo hoʻoemi.Hāʻawi ʻia nā paipu kila ma ke kūlana mālama wela.
Eia kekahi, pono ka microstructure, ka nui o ka palaoa a me ka decarburization layer o nā paipu kila i hoʻopau ʻia
ʻO nā paipu hao boiler a me nā paipu, nā ʻano kino o
(1) GB3087-2008 "paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka paila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a waena".Tensile ho'āʻo e like me GB/T228-87, hydraulic hoao e like me GB/T241-90, flattening hoao e like me GB/T246-97, flaring hoao e like me GB/T242-97, anu ho'āʻo kulou e like me GB244-97.
(2) GB5310-2008 "Seamless Steel Tube for high pressure boiler".ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wai a me ka hoʻāʻo palahalaha e like me gb3087-82;Ho'āʻo hopena e like me GB229-94, hoʻāʻo flaring e like me GB/T242-97, hoʻāʻo nui ʻai e like me YB/T5148-93;Wahi a GB13298-91 no ka nānā ʻana i ka microstructure, GB224-87 no ka nānā ʻana i ka papa decarburization a me GB / T5777-96 no ka nānā ʻana i ke kani ultrasonic.
(3) E hoʻokō ʻia ka nānā ʻana i nā waiwai kino a me nā hōʻailona o nā paipu boiler i lawe ʻia e like me nā kūlana kūpono i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ka ʻaelike.
ʻO nā paipu kila boiler a me nā paipu, nā ʻano mīkini o
Ka ikaika tensile
Ma ke kaʻina hana tensile, loaʻa ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe (Fb) o ka specimen ma ka haʻihaʻi ʻana mai ke koʻikoʻi (σ) o ka ʻāpana cross-sectional mua (So) o ka specimen, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ikaika tensile (σb), i hōʻike ʻia ma N/mm2 (MPa).Hōʻike ia i ka hiki ke kiʻekiʻe loa o kahi mea metala e pale aku i ka pōʻino ma lalo o ka ʻuʻuku.ʻO ke kumu helu helu:
ʻAuhea: Fb-- ka ikaika nui loa i lawe ʻia e ka mea hoʻohālike i ka wā e haki ai, N (Newton);No laila-- Mahele keʻa mua o ka hāpana, mm2.
ʻO ke kiko hua
ʻO nā mea metala me ka hanana hua, ʻaʻole e hoʻonui ka specimen i ke kaʻina hana o ka ikaika tensile (mālama mau) hiki ke hoʻomau i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka yield point.I ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā helu o luna a me lalo.N/mm2 (MPa) ka wae o ka helu hua.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hua kiʻekiʻe (σ SU) ʻo ia ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka specimen a hāʻule ka ikaika no ka manawa mua.ʻO ka helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (σ SL) : ke koʻikoʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka pae hoʻohua ke nānā ʻole ʻia ka hopena transient mua.
Hiki ke helu ʻia ka helu hua e:
Inā ʻo Fs ka ikaika hoʻohua (mau) o ka mea hoʻohālike i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana tensile, N (Newton) Pēlā ka ʻāpana keʻa mua o ka ʻāpana, mm.2
ʻO nā paipu hao paila a me nā paipu, ka lōʻihi ma hope o ka haki ʻana
I ka ho'āʻo tensile, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pākēneka o ka lōʻihi e ka mamao maʻamau ma hope o ka huki ʻana o ka specimen a ua kapa ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka mamao maʻamau kumu elongation.He %.ʻO ke kumu helu helu:
Kahi: L1-- ka mamao o ka mea hoʻohālike ma hope o ka haki ʻana, mm;L0-- Ka lōʻihi o ka laʻana, mm.
Hoemi o ka pauku
I ka ho'āʻo tensile, ʻo ka pākēneka o ka hōʻemi kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana cross-sectional ma ke anawaena hoʻemi o ka specimen ma hope o ka huki ʻia ʻana a ʻo ka ʻāpana cross-sectional mua i kapa ʻia ʻo ka helu hoʻemi ʻāpana.ψ i hōʻike ʻia ma %.Penei ke kumu helu helu:
Kahi, S0-- ka ʻāpana keʻa mua o ka hāpana, mm2;S1-- ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāpana keʻa i ke anawaena hoʻemi o ka mea hoʻohālike ma hope o ka haki ʻana, mm2.
Helu paʻakikī
ʻO ka paʻakikī ka hiki ʻana o kahi mea metala ke pale aku i nā mea paʻakikī e kaomi ana i kahi ʻili.E like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo a me ke ʻano o ka noi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka paʻakikī i Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness, Shore hardness, micro hardness and high temperature hardness.Hoʻohana maʻamau i nā mea paipu he brinell, rockwell, Vickers hardness 3 ʻano.
A, ʻo Brinell paakiki (HB)
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pōpō kila a i ʻole carbide pōpō o kekahi anawaena i loko o ka ʻili hoʻohālike me kahi ikaika hoʻāʻo (F), a wehe ʻia ka ikaika hoʻāʻo ma hope o ka manawa paʻa i ʻike ʻia e ana i ke anawaena indentation (L) ma ka ʻili hāpana.ʻO ka helu paʻakikī Brinell ka quotient o ka ikaika hoʻāʻo i puʻunaue ʻia e ka ʻili o ka pōʻai indentation.Hōʻike ʻia ma HBS, ʻo ka ʻāpana N/mm2 (MPa).
ʻO nā paipu hao boiler a me nā paipu, ka maikaʻi a me ka nānā ʻana
Nā kikoʻī a me ke ʻano
(1) GB3087-2008 "paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka paila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a waena".ʻO nā kikoʻī o nā paipu kila no nā ʻano paila like ʻole, nā anawaena 10 ~ 426mm, 43 mau ʻano i ka huina.He 29 mau ʻano o ka mānoanoa pā mai 1.5 mm a i 26mm.Eia naʻe, ʻo ke anawaena o waho a me ka mānoanoa o ka pā o ka paipu mahu wela nui, ka paipu uwahi nui, ka paipu uwahi liʻiliʻi a me ka paipu pōhaku lepo i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka paila locomotive.
(2) GB5310-2008 "Seamless Steel Tube no High Press Boiler" wela olokaa paipu anawaena 22 ~ 530mm, paia mānoanoa 20 ~ 70mm.Anuanu huki (anu olokaa) paipu anawaena 10 ~ 108mm, paia mānoanoa 2.0 ~ 13.0mm.
(3) GB3087-2008 "pahu kila maʻemaʻe no ka paila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me waena" a me GB5310-95 "pahu kila maʻemaʻe no ka paila kiʻekiʻe".ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka hiʻohiʻona: ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā māwae, ka pelu ʻana, ka ʻōwili, ka ʻili, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me nā wrinkles ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko a me waho o ka paipu kila.Pono e hoopau loa ia keia mau hemahema.ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka hohonu o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma mua o ka ʻae ʻole ʻana o ka mānoanoa o ka paia nominal, a ʻo ka mānoanoa maoli o ka pā ma ka ʻae ʻana ʻaʻole e emi iho ma mua o ka mānoanoa o ka pā i ʻae ʻia.[2]
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kemika
(1) GB3087-2008 "paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka paila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a waena".ʻO ke ʻano hoʻāʻo hoʻohui kemika e like me gb222-84 a me GB223 "Methods for chemical Analysis of Steel and Alloy" ʻāpana kūpono.
(2) GB5310-2008 "Seamless Steel Tube for high pressure boiler".ʻO ke ʻano hoʻokolohua hoʻohui kemika e like me GB222-84 a me "Method for Chemical Analysis of Iron and Steel and Alloy", GB223 "Method for chemical analysis of Iron and Steel and Alloy".
(3) E hoʻokō ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kino o ka paipu kila boiler i lawe ʻia e like me nā kūlana kūpono i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻaelike.
| Huahana | paila kila a me na paipu | |
| Paipu Seamless | Kina | GB/T8162/T8163 GB5310/6579/9948 |
| USA | ASTM A53/A106/A178/A179/A192/A210/A213/A333/A335/A283/A135/A214/315/A500/A501/A519/A161/A334;API 5L/5CT | |
| Iapana | JIS G3452/G3454/G3456/G3457/G3458/G3460/3461/3462/3464 | |
| Alemania | DIN 1626/17175/1629-4/2448/2391/17200 SEW680 | |
| Lukia | GOST 8732/8731/3183 | |
| Mea a me ka Papa | Kina | 10#, 20#, 16Mn, 20G, 15MoG, 15CrMo, 30CrMo,42Crmo, 27SiMn, 20CrMo |
| USA | ʻO Gr.B/Gr.A/A179/A192/A-1/T11/T12/T22/P1/FP1/T5/4140/4130 | |
| Iapana | STPG38,STB30,STS38,STB33,STB42,STS49,STBA23,STPA25,STPA23 | |
| Alemania | ST33,ST37,ST35,ST35.8,ST45,ST52,15Mo3,13CrMo44, 1.0309, 1.0305, 1.0405 | |
| Lukia | 10, 20, 35, 45, 20X | |
| Anawaena waho | 10-1000mm OR hoʻoponopono | |
| Mānoanoa Pā | 1-100mm OR hoʻopilikino | |
| Ka lōʻihi | 1-12m A i ʻole hana maʻamau | |
| Palekana | Nā pāpale palaki | |
| ʻŌlelo hoʻopaʻa | Hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hui pū ʻia me ke kaula kila | |
| ʻŌlelo hoʻouna | ʻO nā pahu a i ʻole nā puʻupuʻu ma ke kai, hiki i kahi pahu 20 "hiki ke hoʻouka ma kahi o 20 tons (5.8 mika ka lōʻihi), hoʻokahi pahu 40" hiki ke hoʻouka ma kahi o 23-25tons (emi ma mua o 11.8 mika ka lōʻihi) | |
| Palapala Pono | ISO, API, Mill Test Certificate | |
| Lapaʻau ʻili | ʻO ka pena ʻeleʻele/ʻeleʻele, ka ʻaila anti-corrosion, galvanized a i ʻole e like me ka mea e koi ʻia e ka mea kūʻai | |
| ʻenehana | Huki Huki Wela |
| Nā māka kila | Q195, Q235A-B, Q345A-E, 20#, 10#,16Mn, ASTM A36,ASTM A500, ASTM A53, ASTM 106, SS400, St37, St52, S235JR, S355TRH a pela aku. |
| Nā kūlana | GB/T 3091-2001, GB/T13912-2002, BS 1387, ASTM F1083 ect. |
| Pau ka paipu | maʻemaʻe, beveled, milo, kumu me nā puka, me ka PVC paʻi / hoʻopili / paʻi, a i ʻole e like me ke koi o nā mea kūʻai aku |
| lapaʻau | |
| Palapala noi | hāʻawi wai (pump well, gas, wai), paipu kūkulu, kūkulu paipu (ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kia pā), ka paia o ka pale, ka ʻāpana mīkini ect. |
| Manawa Hoʻouna | 10 mau lā mai ka waihona;15-20days i hana ʻia e like me ka qty |
| Manawa Uku | T/T a i ole L/C |
| Kumukūʻai Kau | CIF;CFR;FOB |
| Hoʻouka ʻana i ke awa | Qingdao awa Tianjin awa Shanghai awa Kina |
Hōʻike Huahana
